Ene 142013
Warning: We start with a minimal install of Debian squeeze. The Dom0 server must have two network cards one for Dom0 and one for the bridge on the route all the traffic of the DomU.
We configure the network, first install the bridge-utils package
root@x49:/# apt-get install bridge-utils Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: bridge-utils 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 32.7 kB of archives. After this operation, 176 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze/main bridge-utils amd64 1.4-5 [32.7 kB] Fetched 32.7 kB in 1s (20.7 kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package bridge-utils. (Reading database ... 35324 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking bridge-utils (from .../bridge-utils_1.4-5_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up bridge-utils (1.4-5) ... root@x49:/#
Then edit the file /etc/network/interfaces so that it looks like this (replace address, netmask, network, broadcast and gateway corresponding to your network)
root@x49:/# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.252.49
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.252.0
broadcast 192.168.252.255
gateway 192.168.252.1
# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
auto xenbr0
iface xenbr0 inet manual
bridge_fd 0
bridge_helo 0
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_stp off
bridge_ports eth1
root@x49:/#
Restart and checked the network configuration
root@x49:/# /etc/init.d/networking stop ; /etc/init.d/networking start
Deconfiguring network interfaces...done.
Configuring network interfaces...done.
root@x49:/# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:73:6f:66
inet addr:192.168.252.49 Bcast:192.168.252.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe73:6f66/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1044 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:705 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:124525 (121.6 KiB) TX bytes:231947 (226.5 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a2:66:a8
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea2:66a8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:50826 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:87 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:9851940 (9.3 MiB) TX bytes:7350 (7.1 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B)
xenbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a2:66:a8
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea2:66a8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:258 (258.0 B) TX bytes:328 (328.0 B)
root@x49:/#
We ensure our sources.list add sections non-free, contrib and backports repositories, and debian testing, so that looks like this.
root@x49:/# cat /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free # squeeze-updates, previously known as 'volatile' deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free deb-src http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ testing main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ testing main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free root@x49:/#
And we must add or edit the file /etc/apt/preferences so that looks like this
Package: * Pin: release a=stable Pin-Priority: 500 Package: * Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 475 Package: * Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 450 Package: linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: xen-linux-system-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libpci-dev Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libpci3 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: pciutils Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: e2fslibs Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: e2fsprogs Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libcomerr2 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libgnutls28 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: gnutls-bin Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libcurl3-gnutls Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: python Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: syslinux Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: syslinux-common Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: linux-base Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: firmware-linux-free Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: firmware-linux-nonfree Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: initramfs-tools Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libssl1.0.0 Pin: release a=squeeze-backports Pin-Priority: 750 Package: xen-hypervisor-4.1-amd64 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: xen-utils-4.1 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libxen-4.1 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: libxenstore3.0 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: xen-utils-common Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: xenstore-utils Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: python2.7 Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750 Package: python2.7-minimal Pin: release a=testing Pin-Priority: 750
Now install the Kernel linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 from backports and firmwares
root@x49:/# apt-get -t squeeze-backports install linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 firmware-linux firmware-linux-free firmware-linux-nonfree Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: menu libmpfr4 fakeroot linux-kbuild-2.6.32 linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common libgomp1 gcc-4.3 gcc-4.4 cpp libgmp3c2 gcc linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64 dkms libc6-dev gcc-4.3-base cpp-4.3 cpp-4.4 linux-libc-dev patch manpages-dev libc-dev-bin binutils linux-headers-2.6-amd64 make Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. Suggested packages: linux-doc-3.2 debian-kernel-handbook The following NEW packages will be installed: firmware-linux firmware-linux-free firmware-linux-nonfree linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 32 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/24.1 MB of archives. After this operation, 118 MB of additional disk space will be used. Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64. (Reading database ... 35148 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 (from .../linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64_3.2.35-2~bpo60+1_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package firmware-linux-free. Unpacking firmware-linux-free (from .../firmware-linux-free_2.6.32-46_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package firmware-linux-nonfree. Unpacking firmware-linux-nonfree (from .../firmware-linux-nonfree_0.35~bpo60+1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package firmware-linux. Unpacking firmware-linux (from .../firmware-linux_0.35~bpo60+1_all.deb) ... Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 (3.2.35-2~bpo60+1) ... Running depmod. Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64: dkms: WARNING: linux headers are missing, which may explain the above failures. please install the linux-headers-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 package to fix this. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 done Setting up firmware-linux-free (2.6.32-46) ... Setting up firmware-linux-nonfree (0.35~bpo60+1) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up firmware-linux (0.35~bpo60+1) ... Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 root@x49:/#
Reboot and checked that indeed is the 3.2 kernel
root@x49:/# uname -r 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 root@x49:/#
Now install xen 4.1 from testing repositories
root@x49:/# apt-get -t testing install libxen-4.1 xen-hypervisor-4.1-amd64 xen-utils-4.1 xen-linux-system-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: menu linux-headers-amd64 libxfixes3 libgmp10 libxcomposite1 libmpfr4 fakeroot xfonts-encodings iso-codes x11-xkb-utils libdrm-radeon1 linux-kbuild-2.6.32 linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common xserver-common libgl1-mesa-dri gcc-4.6-base libgomp1 python-apt-common xfonts-utils linux-headers-3.2.0-4-amd64 gcc-4.4 gcc-4.6 libxfont1 libquadmath0 libdrm2 libpixman-1-0 libxaw7 linux-headers-3.2.0-4-common cpp libgmp3c2 gcc xfonts-base dkms libice6 libdrm-intel1 libxmu6 libxpm4 libxrender1 linux-kbuild-3.2 libfontenc1 libpciaccess0 libc6-dev gcc-4.3-base x11-common cpp-4.3 libsm6 cpp-4.4 cpp-4.6 libxdamage1 linux-libc-dev patch manpages-dev libc-dev-bin binutils libxt6 libaudit0 linux-headers-2.6-amd64 libxrandr2 lsb-release make libxkbfile1 libmpc2 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: binutils cpp-4.4 cpp-4.6 e2fslibs e2fsprogs gawk gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base gcc-4.6 gcc-4.6-base gcc-4.7-base krb5-locales libaio1 libcomerr2 libcurl3-gnutls libdb5.1 libexpat1 libgcc1 libgmp10 libgnutls26 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssglue1 libiscsi1 libk5crypto3 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblzma5 libmpc2 libmpfr4 libp11-kit0 libpci3 libquadmath0 librtmp0 libsigsegv2 libssh2-1 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libtinfo5 libxenstore3.0 linux-headers-2.6-amd64 linux-headers-3.2.0-4-amd64 linux-headers-3.2.0-4-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-3.2 multiarch-support pciutils python python-minimal python-support python2.7 python2.7-minimal qemu-keymaps qemu-utils sharutils xen-system-amd64 xen-utils-common xenstore-utils Suggested packages: binutils-doc gcc-4.4-locales gcc-4.6-locales gpart parted e2fsck-static gawk-doc gcc-4.4-multilib libmudflap0-4.4-dev gcc-4.4-doc libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libmudflap0-dbg libcloog-ppl0 libppl-c2 libppl7 gcc-4.6-multilib libmudflap0-4.6-dev gcc-4.6-doc libquadmath0-dbg binutils-gold krb5-doc krb5-user python-doc python-tk python2.7-doc binfmt-support debootstrap xen-docs-4.1 Recommended packages: xen-hypervisor-4.1 The following packages will be REMOVED: apt-listchanges gcc-4.3 linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64 python-apt The following NEW packages will be installed: cpp-4.6 gawk gcc-4.6 gcc-4.6-base gcc-4.7-base krb5-locales libaio1 libcurl3-gnutls libdb5.1 libgmp10 libiscsi1 liblzma5 libmpc2 libp11-kit0 libquadmath0 librtmp0 libsigsegv2 libssh2-1 libssl1.0.0 libtinfo5 libxen-4.1 libxenstore3.0 linux-headers-3.2.0-4-amd64 linux-headers-3.2.0-4-common linux-headers-amd64 linux-kbuild-3.2 multiarch-support python2.7 python2.7-minimal qemu-keymaps qemu-utils sharutils xen-hypervisor-4.1-amd64 xen-linux-system-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 xen-system-amd64 xen-utils-4.1 xen-utils-common xenstore-utils The following packages will be upgraded: binutils cpp-4.4 e2fslibs e2fsprogs gcc-4.4 gcc-4.4-base libcomerr2 libexpat1 libgcc1 libgnutls26 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssglue1 libk5crypto3 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libmpfr4 libpci3 libstdc++6 linux-headers-2.6-amd64 pciutils python python-minimal python-support 24 upgraded, 38 newly installed, 4 to remove and 264 not upgraded. Need to get 46.9 MB of archives. After this operation, 86.5 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
Then configure grub, first edit /etc/default/grub
root@x49:/# cat /etc/default/grub # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_TIMEOUT=9 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="elevator=deadline acpi=on numa=on quiet nomodeset video=uvesafb:mode_option=1024x768-32,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN_DEFAULT="noreboot console=vga cpufreq=dom0-kernel dom0_mem=1024M dom0_max_vcpus=2 xsave=1 vesa-mtrr=3 vga=gfx-1024x768x32" GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN="" GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768 GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES="vbe vga video_fb" root@x49:/#
Then go to the /etc/grub.d and create the following symbolic link (this is only necessary if you want default boot with xen hypervisor)
root@x49:/# cd /etc/grub.d/ root@x49:/etc/grub.d# ln -s 20_linux_xen 09_linux_xen root@x49:/etc/grub.d# ls -l total 52 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6433 Sep 19 2011 00_header -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5343 Sep 19 2011 05_debian_theme lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jan 14 21:58 09_linux_xen -> 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4284 Sep 19 2011 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4925 Sep 19 2011 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5789 Sep 19 2011 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Sep 19 2011 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 95 Sep 19 2011 41_custom -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Sep 19 2011 README root@x49:/etc/grub.d#
Then edit the /etc/default/xen, /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp and /etc/xen/xl.conf (we will use the toolstack xl)
root@x49:/# cat /etc/default/xen # Configuration for Xen system # ---------------------------- # There exists several tool stacks to configure a Xen system. # ⦠# Attention: You need to reboot after changing this! TOOLSTACK=xl root@x49:/#
root@x49:/# cat /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp # -*- sh -*- # # Xend configuration file. # # (network-script network-bridge) # # Your default ethernet device is used as the outgoing interface, by default. # To use a different one (e.g. eth1) use # # (network-script 'network-bridge netdev=eth1') # # The bridge is named eth0, by default (yes, really!) # (network-script network-dummy) (vif-script vif-bridge) (dom0-min-mem 512) # Whether to enable auto-ballooning of dom0 to allow domUs to be created. # If enable-dom0-ballooning = no, dom0 will never balloon out. (enable-dom0-ballooning no) # 32-bit paravirtual domains can only consume physical # memory below 168GB. On systems with memory beyond that address, # they'll be confined to memory below 128GB. # Using total_available_memory (in GB) to specify the amount of memory reserved # in the memory pool exclusively for 32-bit paravirtual domains. # Additionally you should use dom0_mem = as a parameter in # xen kernel to reserve the memory for 32-bit paravirtual domains, default # is "0" (0GB). (total_available_memory 0) # In SMP system, dom0 will use dom0-cpus # of CPUS # If dom0-cpus = 0, dom0 will take all cpus available (dom0-cpus 0) (vncpasswd '') root@x49:/#
root@x49:/# cat /etc/xen/xl.conf ## Global XL config file ## # automatically balloon down dom0 when xen doesn't have enough free # memory to create a domain autoballoon=0 # full path of the lockfile used by xl during domain creation lockfile="/var/lock/xl" # default vif script vifscript="/etc/xen/scripts/vif-bridge" root@x49:/#
Run update-grub and then reboot
root@x49:/# update-grub Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 done root@x49:/#
We check that the hypervisor is running
root@x49:/# xl list Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1023 2 r----- 12.5 root@x49:/#
In this first article we installed the XEN Dom0 we will use in future entries
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